Furnace



VJuly z, 1935. M, WARREN 2,oo6,s49

FURNACEj :filed May 2e, 1954 2 sheets-sheet 1 //$A 3j a 1f@- 1 //f July2, 1935. M. WARREN 2,006,849

FURNAGE` Filed May 26, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 man1' @MMM l ings.

Patented July 2, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FURNACE Marlin Warren,Milwaukee, Wis. Application May 2s, 1934, serial N0. 721,639

s claims. (o1. 126-101) This invention appertains to furnaces, and moreparticularly to novel means for obtaining a maximum amount of benefitfrom the fuel utilized in the heating of homes and other build- It isWell recognized that the available energy in various type of commercialfuel is not used to its greatest advantage, and that a large proportionof the heat units are Wasted. This is particularly true of the so-calledhot air furnace, which, in some respects, is particularly desirable inhome heating, asl it allows the continuous supply of fresh heated air tothe rooms,

Oil is a very desirable form of fuel, but as far as I am aware, oilburners have not been successfully used in hot air furnaces, due to thefact that the volumeof air heated is small in com`v parison to theamount'of heat generated and the amount of fuel used.

Therefore, one of the salient objects of my invention is the provisionof a hot air furnace embodying novel means for heating the air flowingthrough the furnace, through the medium of water circulated around thecombustion chamber, the air flowing around hot water pipes located inthe path of the air stream, which communicate with thev circulatingpipe.

Another salient object of my invention is to provide a hot air furnaceutilizing an oil burner, with novel means for obtaining a maximum amountof heat therefrom, by the use of hot water through banks of pipesdisposed in the hot air box of the furnace.4

A further object of my invention is the pro- 0 vision of novel means forcirculating the water through the water jacket,vor boiler, so as toinsure a continuous iiow of heated water through the banks of waterpipes located in the hot air box, a water arch being disposed directlywithin the combustion chamber having communication at it upper and lowerends with thewater in the jacket.

A further object of my invention is the provision of novel meansincluding a blower for initially forcing `the incoming air around thehot Water casing, or boiler, thence around the banks of hot water pipeslocated in the hot air box, and

0 finally subjecting the air, prior to its flow into the hot airdistributing pipes, to the superheating influence of a radiatorconsisting of smoke flues utilized for connecting the combustion chamberwith the smoke outlet pipe.

A further object of my invention is the provision of means for causing atriple flow of air through the furnace to insure `the proper raising ofthe temperature thereof, the air being forced into the bottom of thefurnace between the jacket and the outer shell of the water compartment,up the sides of the furnace, and thence into the inner shell, or hot airbox, where the air again travels up and out to the air distributingpipes, the hot, air box having means therein for humidifying the air.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a vertical smokeflue, or column, leading directly `through the water compartment, or'boiler, from the cumbustion chamber, so that the water in saidcompartment, or boiler, will be effectively heated by said iiue.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of an improvedoil burning hot air furnace of the above character, which will bedurable and efiicient in use, one that will be simple and easy tomanufacture, and one which will be of a compact and rugged construction.

With these and other objectsin view, the invention consists in the novelconstruction, arrangement, and formation of parts, as will behereinafter more specifically described, claimed, and illustrated in theaccompanying. drawings, in which drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical section through my improved furnace.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section through the furnace, taken on the line2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken at right angles to Figure 1, andsubstantially on the-line 3-3 of Figure 1, looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar referencecharacters designate corresponding parts throughout the .several views,the letter A generally indicates my improved furnace, which comprises aninner main casing 5, and which forms a water compartment, or boiler.

This casing 5 may include spaced longitudinally extending side walls 6,end walls 1, and top and bottom walls 8 and 8. The casing 5 issurrounded by an outer jacket I0 formed of sheet metal, or the like,built on a desired type of base and surrounded by a `curbing' 9. Thejacket is disposed in spaced relation to the casing, and the spacebetween the jacket and the casing constitutes an air conduit I9, as willbe later set forth. j

Arranged within the casing 5 is a combustion chamber Il. This combustionchamber Il is of a narrower Width than the casing, and of a less lengththan said casing, and has communicating with its front end a verticallyextending flue I2 which extends through the water compartment and outthe top wall 8 of the casing. A hot air dome I3 extends over the casingand shell, and has communicating therewith the hot air distributingpipes I4, which lead to the various rooms of the building to be heated.

'I'he forward end of the combustion chamber II is provided with an inletmouth I5 which opens out through the front of the furnace, and thisinlet mouth receives the combustion and discharge tube I6 of an oilburner I1. The oil burner I'I can be of any preferred type or make.

Arranged within the casing, in spaced relation to the side and end wallsthereof, is a relatively large hot air box I8, which forms the innershell of the casing 5. This hot airbox I8 depends from the top wall 8 ofthe casing, and opens out through said top wall into the hot air domeI3. The lower end of the hot air box terminates above the combustionchamber II, for a purpose which will be later set forth.

Extending into the opposite sides of the hot air box I8 are relativelywide hot air inlet pipes, or flues, 20, and these inlet fluescommunicate with the opposite sides of the hot air conduit I9 midway itsends. A fresh air inlet opening is provided at the extreme lower end ofthe air conduit I9, preferably at the rear thereof,l

and the air is forced therein by means of a blower 35, which can be ofany preferred character or make.

From the description so far, it can be seen that the cold fresh airenters from the bottom of the furnace and flows up around the outer faceof the boiler, or casing, and is initially heated by the hot watertherein. The air then enters the conduits 28 and ows up the hot air boxI8. Thus, the air circulates three times through the furnace.

After the air leaves the hot air box, the same flows into the dome, andthence into the hot air distributing pipes.

The rear part of the dome I3 supports a header 2| which hascommunicating therewith the smoke outlet pipe 22. This pipe 22 leads tothe chimney, and a damper 23 can be arranged in said pipe. As heretoforestated, the vertical column, or ue, I2 of the combustion chamber extendsthrough the top wall 8 of the casing, and this extended end of thecolumn, or flue, I2 has communicating therewith a plurality of fluepipes 24, which open into the header 2I. Thus, the products ofcombustion ow through a plurality of flue pipes locatd in the dome, andthe same constitutes a radiator, so that the air, prior to its exit fromthe furnace, is subjected to a nal, or superheating, process.

In accordance with my invention, I fill the casing 5 with water, andthus this water entirely surrounds the combustion chamber II with itsvertical flue, or column, I2, and the hot air box I8, The casing can belled with water through the medium of a water pipe 25, which can beconnected to any source of water supply, such as a city main. A controlvalve 26 is interposed in the length of this pipe for governing the flowof water to the casing.

Various control means can be provided for the furnace, and thus the samecan be provided with a safety valve 21, a sight glass 28, and athermometer 29.

In order to insure the thorough heating of the water, and the propercirculation thereof,

I arrange a water arch 30 in the combustion chamber. This water arch 30consists of a plurality of water pipes 3I, and thev same are disposed inparallel relation and at an angle to the horizontal. The extreme lowerends of the tubes, or pipes, 3l extend through the rear wall of thecombustion chamber and communicate with the lower part of the interiorof the casing. The forward upper ends of the tubes, or pipes, 3| areextended for a considerable distance in the smoke flue, or pipe, I2, andthe same are finally passed through one Wall of this pipe, or flue, forcommunication with the upper part of the interior of the casing.

In order to protect 'the water arch from the direct flame, the outletend of the oil burner is surrounded with a guard 32 located directlybelow the water arch. Extending longitudinally through the hot air boxI8 are horizontally disposed rows, or banks, of hot water pipes, ortubes, 33. These hot water pipes extend through the opposite end wallsof the hot air box, and communicate with the interior of the casing. Thepipes of the rows of pipes are staggeredly related to one another, so asto insure proper flow of air around the same.

In use of my improved furnace, the temperature of the water is quicklyraised by the oil burner, and this is enhanced due to the water pipeslocated directly in the combustion chamber. Obviously, as the water isheated in the pipes 3l, the same rises and exits into the upper part ofthe casing. This hot water will circulate through the water tubes 33located in the hot air box, and as the water in these tubes becomes coldby the flow of air thereabout, the same is re-heated by the tubes 3I.

The air flow-through the hot air box has its temperature quickly raisedby the same flowing past the banks, or rows, of pipes 33, and obviouslythe walls of the box itself are heated by the hot water thereabout. Asthe heated air leaves the hot air box, the same ows past the smoke pipes24, which tends to increase the temperature of the air.

From the foregoing description, it can be seen that I have providednovel means for effectively utilizing an oil burner in conjunction witha hot air furnace, and for insuring the proper heating of the air.

I also prefer to arrange in the lower part of the hot air box ahumidifying device. The desired amount of Water is admitted into the boxby a float-controlled valve 36. Obviously, the air sweeping over thewater is humidied thereby.

My device is so arranged and constructedthat the same can be utilizedduring the summer season for cooling air flowing therethrough. Thedevice is, therefore, susceptible as a heating medium in the winterseason and a cooling medium in the summer season for a home.

Changes in details may be made without departing from. the spirit or thescope of my invention, but what I claim as new isi- 1. A hot air furnacecomprising a water casing, a hot air jacket surrounding the sides andbottom of the water casing, said jacket having a cold air inlet at itslower end, a fuel combustion chamber in the lower part of said casing, ahot air box disposed in the casing above the combustion chamber havingtubes extending therethrough communicating with the water in saidcasing, a hot air dome arranged above the casing for receiving the hotair from the box,

Cil

the box having air inlets connecting the lower end thereof with thespace between the jacket and the casing intermediate the ends of thefurnace, and hot air distributing pipes communicating with the dome.

2. A hot air furnace comprising a water receiving casing, a jacketdisposed entirely about the sides and bottom wall of the casing,defining a hot air conduit thereabout, the lower end of the conduitbeing provided with a cold air inlet, a fuel combustion chamber in thecasing, a hot air box arranged in said casing above the combustionchamber for the circulation of water thereabout, a hot air dome carriedby the casingA communicating with the upper end of the box, the oppositesides of the hot air box being provided with inlets communicating withthe hot air conduit intermediate the ends thereof, a plurality of hotair distributing pipes communicating with the dome, and an air blowercommunicating withthe inlet of the conduit, said blower forcing the airup the conduit around the bottom and sides of the casing, thence intothe inlets of the hot air box, and up through `the box into the dome.

3. A hot air furnace comprising a water receiving casing, a jacketdisposed entirely about the sides and bottom wall of the casing,defining a hot air conduit thereabout, the lower end of the conduitbeing provided with a cold air inlet, a fuel combustion chamber in thecasing, a hot air box arranged in said casing above the combustionchamber for the circulation of water thereabout, a hot air dome carriedby the casing communicating with the upper end of the box, the oppositesides of the hot air box being provided with inlets communicating withthe hot air conduit intermediate the ends thereof, a plurality of hotair distributing pipes communicating with the dome, an air blowercommunicating with the inlet of the conduit, said blower forcing the airup the conduit around the bottom and sides of the casing, thence intothe inlets of the hot air box, and up through the box into the dome, andan air humidifying de-l vice arranged inthe hot air box.directly,.belowsaid air inlets.

4. A hot air furnace comprising a water casing, a fuel combustionchamber in said casing, a hot air box disposed in the casing above thecombustion chamber having tubes extending therethrough communicatingwith the water in said casing, a hot air dome arranged above the casingfor receiving the hot air from the box, air inlets communicating box,and hot air distributing pipes communicating with the dome.

5. A hot air furnace comprising a casing for the reception of water, afuel combustion chamber arranged in said casing, a hot air box arrangedin said casing above the combustion chamber for the circulation of waterthereabout, a hot air dome carried by the casing communicating with theupper end of the box, air inlet pipes communicating with the lower endof the box, a smoke outlet pipe, and a plurality of with the lower endof thel flues disposed in the hot air dome above the hot air boxconnecting the combustion chamber with the smoke pipe.'

6. A hot air furnace comprising a vertical casing for the reception ofwater, a combustion chamber arranged within the casing, a hot air boxdisposed in'the casing, a hot air dome carried by the casingcommunicating with the upper end of the box, a plurality of airdistributing pipes communicating with the dome, oppositely directed airinlet pipes communicating with the power part of the box, a plurality ofhot water conducting pipes disposed in the hot air box having theiropposite ends communicating with the interior of the casing, a smokepipe, and a plurality of flues disposed within the hot air dome abovethe box communicating with the combustion chamber and the smoke pipe,constituting a radiator for superheating the air prior to the entrancethereof into the air distributing pipes.

'7. A hot air furnace comprising a vertical casing for the reception ofwater, a combustion chamber arranged within the casing, a hot air boxdisposed in the casing, a hot air dome carried by the casingcommunicating with the upper end of the box, a plurality of airdistributing pipes communicating with the dome, oppositely directed airinlet pipes communicating with the lower part of the box, a plurality ofhot water conducting pipes disposed in the hot air box having theiropposite ends communicating with the interior of the casing, a smokepipe, a plurality of flues disposed within the hot air dome above thebox communicating with the combustion chamber and the smoke pipe, and a.water arch in said combustion chamber including a plurality of inclinedWater conducting tubes having their upper and lower ends incommunication with the interior of the casing.

8. An oil burning hot air furnace comprising a casing for the receptionof water, a re box disposed in the casing having an inlet opening outthrough the furnace for the reception of the inlet end of an oil burner,a vertically disposed column connectedwith there box and extendingthrough the casing and the water therein and out of the top wall of thecasing, a dome carried by the top wall of the casing receiving theclosed upper end of the column, a hot. air box disposed in the casingabove the fire box and having communication with the dome, a pluralityof hot air distributing pipes communicating with the dome, a pluralityof hot water conducting pipes disposed in the hot air box havingcommunication at their opposite ends with the interior of the casing, asmoke pipe, a plurality of fiues constituting a radiator, arranged inthe dome connecting the column with the smoke pipe, and a plurality ofwater conducting pipes disposed in the re box arranged at an incline tothe horizontal with the opposite ends of said pipes communicating withthe interior ofthe casing.

MARLIN WARREN.

